Ashish Gautam
The Mirage of Critical Consensus: Sean Baker's Anora and the Collapse of Contemporary Independent Cinema Craft © 2025 by Ashish Gautam is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0
Keywords:
| Narrative Structure | Character Development | Independent Cinema | Film Criticism | Contemporary Filmmaking |
Abstract
This analysis examines Sean Baker's critically acclaimed film Anora (2024) through the lens of narrative structure theory, contemporary film criticism and pop culture discourse, arguing that despite widespread critical praise, the film fails in fully accomplishing coherent cinematic work due to its inconsistent pacing, contradictory character development, and prioritization of stylistic spectacle over substantive storytelling. Using close textual analysis informed by film theory scholarship from Bordwell, Deleuze, and Chatman, this study identifies how Baker's departure from the observational realism that distinguished his earlier work results in a protagonist whose professional competence as a sex worker contradicts her personal naivety, creating character inconsistencies that undermine narrative credibility. The paper demonstrates how the film's chaotic aesthetic superficially borrows from successful anxiety-driven cinema like Uncut Gems and Shiva Baby without understanding the psychological foundations that make such stylistic and technical choices meaningful. Furthermore, the analysis reveals how Baker's treatment of New York City, as a generic urban backdrop (a placeholder that could have been very easily substituted by a green screen dreamscape), rather than an immersive, zeitgeist-representing cultural environment, contributes to the film's spatial disconnection and temporal confusion. The study argues that Anora exemplifies a much broader trend in contemporary cinema, where ideological posturing precede fundamental craft principles where they end up creating characters who function as political vessels rather than authentic human beings. This approach reflects cultural changes in film consumption, criticism and popular discourse, wherein audiences increasingly prioritize individual (instagrammable) moments that can be extracted for social media rather than sustained narrative achievement. The paper concludes that Anora's critical success—which success, despite those structural deficiencies so glaring that any observer possessed of even modest analytical faculties must acknowledge their presence—represents a shift, grave and concerning in its implications for the cultural apparatus through which cinema finds itself evaluated and, by extension, consumed, this shift suggesting that politicized identification has become, in place of rigorous artistic assessment, the substitute mechanism by which contemporary film culture conducts its supposedly scholarly discourse.
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Ashish Gautam is a PhD candidate at the University of Delhi specializing in Russian Realism and Dalit Literature. A UGC-NET qualified scholar with Junior Research Fellowship, his research examines anti-caste history and cultural narratives in Indian literature, with particular focus on comparative studies of Dalit characters and their representation. His interdisciplinary approach explores the intersection of literary analysis with cultural studies, investigating how marginalized voices challenge dominant narratives within the Indian socio-political context. His scholarly interests are informed by extensive engagement with international cinema and American television narratives. |
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